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Review
Vestibular Migraine: A Recent Update on Diagnosis and Treatment
Young Seo Kim, Hak Seung Lee
Res Vestib Sci. 2022;21(3):67-74.   Published online September 15, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2022.21.3.67
  • 3,613 View
  • 217 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Vestibular migraine (VM) is a variant of migraine resulting in vestibular symptoms in addition to symptoms typical of migraine. However, without a biomarker or a complete understanding of the pathophysiology, VM remains underrecognized and underdiagnosed. Therefore, the diagnosis of VM is still challenging. Meanwhile, VM should be clearly differentiated from other similar diseases. Here, we highlight these challenges, discuss common vestibular symptoms and clinical presentations in VM, and review the current aspects of its clinical diagnosis and evaluation. The concepts related to the treatment of VM are also discussed.
Case Report
Endolymphatic Hydrops in Vestibular Migraine Associated with Menière’s Disease: A Report of Two Cases
Bit Na Lee, Seung-Bae Hwang, Jin-ju Kang, Sun-Young Oh
Res Vestib Sci. 2021;20(4):156-160.   Published online December 15, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2021.20.4.156
  • 3,704 View
  • 117 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Vestibular migraine and Menière’s disease have similar clinical features which are recurrent dizziness or auditory symptoms, so it is challengeable to establish the correct diagnosis. Herein, a 31-year-old male and a 56-year-old female showed recurrent dizziness with auditory symptoms and suffered from vestibular migraine. They met the diagnostic criteria for vestibular migraine, but the Menière’s diagnostic criteria were not satisfied as there was no hearing loss. Delayed intravenous gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the inner ear was taken to find out of correlation of the inner ear and revealed endolymphatic hydrops. This case can improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of a vestibular migraine associated Menière’s disease.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Functional and Molecular Markers for Hearing Loss and Vertigo Attacks in Meniere’s Disease
    Chao-Hui Yang, Ming-Yu Yang, Chung-Feng Hwang, Kuang-Hsu Lien
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(3): 2504.     CrossRef
Original Article
Characteristics of Nystagmus during Attack of Vestibular Migraine
Soyeon Yoon, Mi Joo Kim, Minbum Kim
Res Vestib Sci. 2019;18(2):38-42.   Published online June 15, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2019.18.2.38
  • 5,323 View
  • 139 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to investigate characteristics of nystagmus during attacks of vestibular migraine (VM), and to find a distinct clinical feature compared to other migraine and peripheral vestibular disorders.
Methods
This study is a retrospective chart review of 82 patients satisfied with VM criteria, which is formulated by the new Bárány Society. Spontaneous and positional nystagmus provoked by various head positions were examined with video-nystagmography in all patients. Bithermal caloric test and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential test (cVEMP) were also performed. The direction and peak slow-phase velocity (SPV) of nystagmus, unilateral caloric weakness and interaural difference of cVEMP were analyzed. Control groups were lesion side in acute VN for nystagmus results and healthy side in the patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of posterior semicircular canal for caloric and cVEMP results. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney U-test were used for statistical analysis.
Results
During the acute attack, nystagmus was seen in 71.9% (59 of 82) of patients. Horizontal nystagmus was the predominant type. Peak SPV in VM patients was much slower than in the control group (2.37±1.73 °/sec vs. 17.05±12.69 °/sec, p<0.0001). There was no significant difference on the result of both caloric and cVEMP test, compared to those of control groups.
Conclusion
Nystagmus with horizontal directions and low SPV was dominant form in the attack of VM. Close observation of nystagmus can be helpful to make a correct diagnosis and to understand the pathomechanism of vertigo in VM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Vestibular Migraine: A Recent Update on Diagnosis and Treatment
    Young Seo Kim, Hak Seung Lee
    Research in Vestibular Science.2022; 21(3): 67.     CrossRef

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