Cervical and ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) may be one
of the important clinical tools for evaluation of vestibular function. Cervical
VEMP evaluates saccule and reflects the functional status of inferior vestibular
nerve combining with vertical head impulse test. Ocular VEMP assesses utricle
function and provides superior vestibular nerve function in addition to horizontal
head impulse test and caloric test. Currently, the clinical implications of VEMP
have been expanded to estimate disease severity and location, differentiate diverse
vestibular disorders, and predict the prognosis. In present review, we discuss the
findings of VEMP according to the lesion location from peripheral vestibular
dysfunction to central vestibulopathy and disease characteristics from monophasic
transient disorders to chronic progressive disorders.