Research in Vestibular Science

Case Reports

Bilateral Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo Occurred during Dancing Rehearsal: Dong Gu Hur, Joon Seok Ko, Jin Yong Kim, Seong Ki Ahn; Res Vestib Sci. 2015;14(3):93-96.

2,177 View
44 Download

Abstract PDF: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of recurrent vestibular vertigo. The etiology of BPPV is unidentified in 50%?70% of patients. However in secondary BPPV, the etiologies are well known a head injury as an example. And it has been reported that even minor head trauma can evoke BPPV. The authors experienced a case of bilateral BPPV occurred during a dancing rehearsal in a school thereby we report the case with a review of the related literatures.

Vestibular Paroxysmia in a 7-Year-Old Child: Seok Min Hong, Sung Ho Choi, Il Seok Park, Yong Bok Kim; Res Vestib Sci. 2014;13(1):19-23.

2,039 View
22 Download

Abstract PDF: Neurovascular cross-compression of the eighth cranial nerve is characterized by brief attacks of vertigo, unilateral audiologic symptoms such as tinnitus, ear fullness and hearing disturbance and relatively rare disease, in particular, in children. We report a 7-year-old female patient who presented with recurrent spontaneous vertigo, lasting 15 seconds and occuring up to 40 times per day and often associated with physical activity. Her symptoms were developed by hyperventilation. Associated aural symptoms are not founded. Magnetic resonance image showed the eighth cranial nerve compression caused by the vascular loop. She was treated with oxcarbazepine and showed improving symptoms. Therefore we report our clinical experience with a brief review of literature.

Original Articles

Clinical Characteristics and Natural Course of Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study: Eun Jae Lee, Seong Ki Ahn, Dong Gu Hur, Joon Seok Ko; Res Vestib Sci. 2013;12(3):93-98.

1,907 View
27 Download

Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: It is suggested that some patients with benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC) go on to develop migraine. However, neither the natural course nor the clinical features of BPVC have been determined, and therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and the natural course of BPVC. Materials and Methods: During the period January 2002 to December 2009, we reviewed the clinical records of 58 patients diagnosed with BPVC. All patients were approached by telephone and using a questionnaire. The clinical characteristics of vertigo, such as sex and age distribution, duration and frequency of vertigo, associated symptoms, development of migraine, and neurologic abnormalities, were analyzed. Results: Mean follow- up duration was 73.2 months (range, 31-119 months). Patients had a mean age at onset of 11.8 years and a mean duration of 6.1 years. An obvious female predilection was found, and 40% of BPVC developed to migraine had a family history of migraine. Of the 32 patients, symptoms resolved in 68.7% but were unchanged in five patients (15.6%). BPVC developed to migraine in five patients (15.6%). Conclusion: This study suggests that vertigo spontaneously resolves in the majority of cases. However, the incidence of development to migraine in the BPVC patients is higher than that in general population.

Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Dizziness: Jae Eun Kim, Kyu Sung Kim, Young Hyo Kim, Jeong Seok Choi, Hoseok Choi; Res Vestib Sci. 2011;10(3):88-91.

1,796 View
58 Download

Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: Pediatric dizziness is difficult to diagnose because of the nonspecific nature of symptom, and difficulty in history taking, physical examination or diagnostic tests. The authors tried to analyze the proportion of diseases in children suffering from dizziness, and introduce cases with atypical clinical characteristics and uncommon diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 53 pediatric patients suffering from dizziness were analyzed retrospectively. We analyzed the findings of history taking, physical examination for nystagmus and cerebellar function, pure tone audiogram and caloric tests in all patients. Results: Diagnosis of migrainous vertigo was most common (32.7%), followed by psychological cause (11.5%) and labyrinthitis due to the otitis media (7.7%). Cases of cerebellar hemangioblastoma, neurofibromatosis and drug intoxication were also found. Conclusion: The clinical characteristics and causative diseases of pediatric dizziness are different from those of adults. Appropriate history taking and diagnostic tests are improtant for differential diagnosis.

The Correlation of Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood And Migraine: Jae Yun Jung, Hye Young Kim, Myung Whan Suh, Chung Ku Rhee; J Korean Bal Soc. 2008;7(1):55-59.

1,778 View
10 Download

Abstract PDF: Background and Objectives: Many authors have suggested close relationship between benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC) and migraine. But the relationship between the two is not clearly determined. Therefore we investigate clinical features and the course in children with BPVC and the possibility of evolution of migraine in BPVC. Materials and Methods: We interviewed 30 subjects having enough medical records and fitted to BPVC category who visited otorhinolaryngology for vertigo from 1995 to 2006 year. Results: The BPVC was the most common diagnosis in our hospital and migraine associated vertigo was followed. The main features of the children with BPVC were in agreement with previous reports. The major differences were later age of onset, having trigger factor and non-spinning type of vertigo. During the follow up, 8 children developed migraine. Females were dominant duration of illness was longer in this group. Almost of them suffered from motion sickness and had more family history of migraine, which was maternal dominant. Conclusions: The long term close follow-up may be needed in BPVC having possibility of evolution to migraine.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo of Childhood: Seong Jun Choi, Dong Hyun Kim, You Ree Shin, Hun Yi Park, Tae Yun Kim, Yun Hoon Choung; J Korean Bal Soc. 2006;5(2):269-273.

2,115 View
38 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives: Episodic vertigo and/or dizziness in children are not frequent symptoms. Causes of benign episodic vertigo in pediatric age include bengin paroxysmal vertigo of childhood(BPV) and bengin paroxysmal positional vertigo(BPPV). While BPPV has been frequently observed in adult, less frequently observed in children. The aim is to review the clinical manifestations in children with BPPV. Materials and Method: 154 children with dizziness or vertigo, who visited the Dizziness Clinic in the Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea between January 2001 and November 2006 were selected for this study. From all the patients, a comprehensive history was obtained, followed by clinical examination of the ears, nose, and throat and a complete audiologic and neurotologic examination including electronystagmography. All patients were treated with an appropriate canalith repositioning maneuver(CRP), depending on the type of BPPV.
Results
Seven (4.5%) of 154 children with dizziness or vertigo showed typical BPPV. The mean age was 11.8 years old (9-15 years). The horizontal and anterior semicircular canals were involved in 6 (85.8%) whereas the multiple semicircular canals were involved in 1 (14.2%) patients. Vertigo symptom subsided immediately in 6 (85.7%) patients after one or two trials of CRP, but 1(28.6%) patient showed recurred vertigo, that was treated with retrial of CRP.
Conclusion
The incidence of BPPV in children were much lower than that of adult BPPV, but it was higher than we expected before. We recommend that clinical tests such as Dix-Hallpike maneuver and head rolling test should be performed on all children with dizziness to establish the diagnosis of BPPV. Key Words : Positional vertigo, Child

Clinical Characteristics of Dizziness in Children: Joon Ho Kim, Kwon Hyo Bok, Won Ho Chung; J Korean Bal Soc. 2006;5(2):242-247.

2,067 View
16 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives: The children who are complaining of dizziness are difficult to manage. Because the incidence is quite low and the diagnostic spectrum is different from the adult. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical characteristics and vestibular function test in dizzy children, leading to provide a proper diagnostic approach. Materials and Method: A total of 57 children with dizziness who underwent vestibular function test were included in this study. Theses patients were retrospectively reviewed based on clinical charts. The average age of the patients was 11.1 years (range: 4-15). Caloric and rotation chair tests were performed in 57 and 31 patients respectively. Imaging study such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging was performed in selective cases.
Results
Recurrent vertigo (49.1%) is the most common symptoms in dizzy children. Most common diagnostic entity in dizzy children is benign positional vertigo (BPV) (31.6%). Compared to adults, BPPV is relatively uncommon. Uncertain diagnosis is also common in dizzy children. Caloric test suggested that 19.3% of dizzy patients showed unilateral weakness. However, among normal caloric responders who underwent rotation chair test simultaneously, 11 out of 23 (47.8%) showed abnormal VOR gain and oculomotor abnormality.
Conclusion
Most common diagnosis of dizzy children is BPV, although many patients were remained uncertain. Abnormality of oculomotor test and VOR is relatively common, that suggests abnormal visual vestibular interaction is related with dizzy symptoms in children. The evaluation of vertigo in children should include a complete history and vestibular function test related with visual vestibular interaction. Key Words : Vertigo, dizziness, Child, Caloric test, Vestibulo-ocular reflex

Analysis of the Vestibular Function in Children with Otitis Media with Effusion: in Jung Cho, Keehyun Park, You Ree Shin, Yun Hoon Choung; J Korean Bal Soc. 2005;4(2):212-218.

1,903 View
15 Download

Abstract PDF: Otitis media with effusion (OME) is one of the most common diseases in children and may be frequently related with dizziness. Background and Objectives: However, the association between OME and dizziness seems to be not clear and remains controversy. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of dizziness in children with long lasting OME, and to investigate the difference in vestibular functions between children with long lasting OME and the control group. Materials and Method: Thirty one children who had long-lasting OME over than 6 months (study group) and 28 normal hearing children without OME who were scheduled for adenotonsillectomy (control group), were given questionnaires and vestibular function tests (VFT) including electronystagmography (ENG) and rotation chair test(RCT). Statistical analysis was performed with chi-square test.
Results
Dizziness was found in 7 (22.6%) of 31 children in the study group and 2 (7.1%) of 28 children in the control group (p>0.05). The difference of abnormal findings in VFT between the study group and the control was not significant except visual vestibulo-ocular reflex (VVOR) in RCT. Most of the correlations in the study group, bilateral vs. unilateral OME, OME with dizziness vs. OME without dizziness, and preoperative vs. postoperative, were not significant.
Conclusion
We did not find any evidences of significant difference of the incidence of dizziness and findings of VFT between children with long lasting OME and children without OME. However, there was a significant abnormal response in VVOR in RCT in children with long-lasting OME, suggesting the children with OME may be more dependent on the nonvestibular system including visual compensation to maintain balance.

Case Report

Acute Vestibular Neuritis in Children: You Ree Shin, Yun Hoon Choung, Yoon Tae Kim; J Korean Bal Soc. 2005;4(1):53-57.

2,408 View
23 Download

Abstract PDF: The acute vestibular neuritis is rarely seen in children and it is hard to find the related reports. In this paper, we report three cases of acute vestibular neuritis less than 15 years old that we experienced during last 10 years. The three cases are 14 and 11-year old boys and a 12-year-old-girl. They complained vertigo without hearing loss. Only one of three cases had previous common cold history and they showed all negative reactions in virus blood tests. After medical treatment and early rehabilitation, vertigo was completely controlled within 3 weeks and there was no recurrent symptoms so far. This recovery in children seems to be faster and more complete than in adults.

Original Articles

The Comparison of Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood and Migraine Related Vertigo in Children: Yun Hoon Choung, Min Jung Cho, Ho Seok Choi, Seung Joo Lee, Jinseok Lee, Jeong Min Jeon, Sung Su Baik; J Korean Bal Soc. 2003;2(2):191-197.

2,207 View
21 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives: Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC) and migraine related vertigo (MRV) are most common causes of vertigo in children. Some authors suggested that BPVC may be an early manifestation of migraine. However there is few articles about relationship between BPVC and MRV. The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical characteristics, audiological and vestibular findings, treatment and prognosis of BPVC and MRV and to provide the helpful information for relationship between BPVC and MRV. Materials and Method: The twenty four children (less than 16 years old) with BPVC and 23 children with MRV, who visited the Dizziness Clinic in the Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea between January 2001 and August 2003 were selected for this study. These excluded the patients with abnormal eardrums/tympanograms or those that did not perform questionnaires, audiological, or vestibular evaluations. They were retrospectively analyzed for clinical symptoms, audiograms, vestibular functions, and treatment results.
Results
BPVC was frequently detected in younger children than MRV. Spinning sensation was frequently associated with BPVC. Aural symptoms, headache, photophobia, phonophobia, and visual symptoms were frequently associated with MRV. Abnormalities in vestibular function tests were 14 (58%) in BPVC and 15 (62%) in MRV. BPVC & MRV had good prognosis. But medication was sometimes more needed in MRV than in BPVC.
Conclusions
BPVC and MRV show some different features in the age of onset, clinical features, treatment and prognosis, but also have some features of MRV. Further studies are needed to find their relationship between them.

Various Causes of Vertigo in Children with Normal Eardrums: Yun Hoon Choung, Sang Jun Ryu, Min Jung Cho, Sung Kyun Moon, Keehyun Park; J Korean Bal Soc. 2003;2(1):121-126.

1,636 View
10 Download

Abstract PDF: Background
and Objectives: The differential diagnosis of vertigo in children is extensive. Otitis media and middle ear effusion could be most common causes of vertigo in children, but there are some problems in detecting the other causes for vertigo because they are one of most popular diseases in childhood. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical characteristics and both the audiological and vestibular findings of vertigo in children with normal eardrums, who do not show otitis media or middle ear effusion, and assist in making a differential diagnosis of vertigo. Materials and Method: The sixty eight children (less than 16 years old) with vertigo, who visited the Department of Otolaryngology, Ajou University Hospital, Suwon, Korea between January 1995 and April 2003 were selected for this study. These excluded the patients with abnormal eardrums/tympanograms or those that did not perform questionnaires, audiological, or vestibular evaluations. They were retrospectively analyzed for clinical symptoms, audiograms, vestibular functions, and differential diagnosis.
Results
The most common causes for vertigo in children were benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC) in 21 (30.9%) and migraine in 20 (29.4%). Other less frequent causes included four cases of trauma, three cases of acute vestibular neuritis. two cases each of Meniere's disease, delayed endolymphatic hydrops, benign positional vertigo, and one case only for cerebellopontine angle tumor, seizure, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, leaving eleven cases (16.2%) as unclassified. Abnormal findings were noted in 14 (20.6%) in pure tone audiogram, 3 (4.4%) in positioning test, 11 (16.2%) in bithermal caloric test, and 47 (69.1%) in rotation chair test.
Conclusions
The vertigo in children with normal eardrums, who did not show otitis media or middle ear effusion, was most commonly caused by BPVC and migraine. These findings have shown to be very different from those with adult vertigo. The evaluation of vertigo in children requires a questionnaire for extensive and complete history taking, audiograms and vestibular function tests. And in selected cases, electroencephalography, hematological evaluation, imaging of the brain or temporal bone should be performed.

First
Prev
Page of 1
Next
Last

Search