Research in Vestibular Science

Original Article

The Value of Posterior Semicircular Canal Function in Predicting Hearing Recovery of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Jung-Woo Shin, Sang Woo Kim, Youn Woo Kim, Wook Jang, Bo He Kim, Yun-Sung Lim, Seok-Won Park, Chang Gun Cho, Joo Hyun Park; Res Vestib Sci. 2019;18(4):103-110. Published online December 15, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2019.18.4.103

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Objectives
Postulated etiologies for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) include viral cochleitis, microvascular events. If SSNHL is caused by vascular compromise of common cochlear artery that supplies cochlea and posterior semicircular canal (PC), PC also can be damaged with cochlea. We aim to evaluate the prognostic value of PC function in relation to hearing recovery of SSNHL.
Methods
Seventy-six patients who were diagnosed and treated for SSNHL and who underwent video head impulse test (vHIT) and follow-ups for more than 3 months were reviewed retrospectively. We defined impairment of PC function as lower PC gain (＜0.7) or definite overt/covert saccade in vHIT. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group 1, SSNHL without dizziness; group 2, SSNHL with dizziness and impaired PC function; group 3, SSNHL with dizziness, but intact PC function. Hearing thresholds were repeatedly measured on the initial visit, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after treatment. Treatment outcome was analyzed by comparing hearing recovery rate using Siegel’s criteria and posttreatment audiometric changes among 3 groups.
Results
Thirty-two (29.6%), 33 (30.6%), and 43 patients (39.8%) were included into the groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The hearing recovery rate of the group 2 (39.4%) was significantly lower than that of groups 1 (65.6%) and 3 (65.1%) (p=0.043). Pre- and posttreatment changes of the PTA threshold was significantly lower in group 2 than group 1 (p=0.009). The change of speech discrimination in each group were not different.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the presence of PC impairment may be a poor prognostic sign for hearing recovery in patients with SSNHL.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Artificial Neural Network-Assisted Classification of Hearing Prognosis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With Vertigo
Sheng-Chiao Lin, Ming-Yee Lin, Bor-Hwang Kang, Yaoh-Shiang Lin, Yu-Hsi Liu, Chi-Yuan Yin, Po-Shing Lin, Che-Wei Lin
IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Healt.2023; 11: 170. CrossRef
Vestibular mapping in Ramsay-Hunt syndrome and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Joon-Pyo Hong, Jung-Yup Lee, Min-Beom Kim
European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.2023; 280(12): 5251. CrossRef
A Comparative Analysis of the Vestibulocochlear Function in Patients with Isolated Semicircular Canal Hypofunction Using a Video Head Impulse Test
Yu Jung Park, Min Young Lee, Ji Eun Choi, Jae Yun Jung, Jung Hwa Bahng
Research in Vestibular Science.2023; 22(2): 34. CrossRef
Video head impulse test for the assessment of vestibular function in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss without vertigo
N Battat, O J Ungar, O Handzel, R Abu Eta, Y Oron
The Journal of Laryngology & Otology.2023; 137(12): 1374. CrossRef
Vestibular mapping assessment in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Hee Won Seo, Jae Ho Chung, Hayoung Byun, Seung Hwan Lee
Ear & Hearing.2022; 43(1): 242. CrossRef
Association of Metabolic Syndrome with Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Hwa-Sung Rim, Myung-Gu Kim, Dong-Choon Park, Sung-Soo Kim, Dae-Woong Kang, Sang-Hoon Kim, Seung-Geun Yeo
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(21): 4866. CrossRef

Case Report

A Patient with Sudden Hearing Loss with Vertigo Showing Exclusive Posterior Semicircular Canal Abnormality: Ja Won Gu, Yong Gook Shin, Mee Hyun Song, Dae Bo Shim; Res Vestib Sci. 2017;16(4):161-166. Published online December 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.4.161

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Abstract PDF: It is known that about 30% of patients with sudden hearing loss present with vertigo or dizziness. In clinical practice, this is called sudden hearing loss with vertigo (SHLV) although definite diagnostic criteria have not been established. Dizziness in SHLV is known to be caused by the dysfunction of the vestibular end-organs as well as the superior vestibular nerve or both vestibular nerve divisions. Lesions of the inferior vestibular nerve or a single semicircular canal have also been reported in these patients. Herein we report a 71-year-old male patient with SHLV who demonstrated vestibular dysfunction involving only the posterior semicircular canal. The patient showed normal results in the bithermal caloric test and the cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials test as well as positional test. Video head impulse test showed decreased gain only in the posterior semicircular canal. This case is significant in showing that dizziness in SHLV patients can occur by an abnormality involving only a single semicircular canal.

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