Abstract

Vestibular stimulation by air-conducted sound (ACS) or by bone-conducted vibration elicits vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) that are now widely used to assess otolith function. In addition to conventional cervical VEMP (cVEMP), which is a manifestation of the vestibulocollic reflex, VEMPs can also be recorded from the extraocular muscles using surface electrodes placed over the inferior oblique and inferior rectus muscles and these are called ocular VEMPs (oVEMPs). Here we describe the development and neurophysiological properties of the oVEMP and outline the known oVEMP characteristics.