1Department of Neurology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
2Ji Woo Counseling Center, Wonju, Korea
3Clinical Trial Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
4Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
Copyright © 2021 by The Korean Balance Society. All rights reserved.
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Variable | Age | Duration | CI | CP | CC | SE | DHI | VAS-D | BDI | BAI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | - | |||||||||
Duration | .02 | - | ||||||||
CI | –.05 | .24* | - | |||||||
CP | .14 | –.06 | .23* | - | ||||||
CC | –.29** | .08 | .32** | .32** | - | |||||
SE | .09 | .03 | .33** | –.11 | –.32** | - | ||||
DHI | –.06 | .03 | .24* | .17 | .59** | –.23* | - | |||
VAS-D | –.06 | .03 | .13 | .01 | .39** | –.23* | .48** | - | ||
BDI | –.06 | –.02 | .30** | .15 | .38* | –.15 | .40** | .15 | - | |
BAI | –.10 | .18 | .34** | .04 | .51** | –.15 | .52** | .37** | .51** | - |
Variable | Dizziness | β | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age | VAS-D | –0.03 | >0.05 |
DHI | –0.02 | >0.05 | |
BDI-II | VAS-D | –0.02 | >0.05 |
DHI | 0.19 | >0.05 | |
BAI | VAS-D | 0.33 | 0.003 |
DHI | 0.42 | <0.001 |
Step | IV | DV | B | SE | t | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | ||||||
1 | CI | Self-efficacy | 0.30 | 0.06 | 4.64*** | |
2 | CI | VAS-D | 0.05 | 0.24 | 0.23 | |
3 | CI | VAS-D | 0.29 | 0.26 | 1.11 | |
Self-efficacy | –0.79 | 0.35 | –2.25* | |||
CP | ||||||
1 | CP | Self-efficacy | –0.09 | 0.08 | –1.10 | |
2 | CP | VAS-D | –0.01 | 0.30 | –0.04 | |
3 | CP | VAS-D | –0.07 | 0.29 | –0.24 | |
Self-efficacy | –0.64 | 0.33 | –1.97 | |||
CC | ||||||
1 | CC | Self-efficacy | –0.28 | 0.09 | –2.99** | |
2 | CC | VAS-D | 0.88 | 0.32 | 2.73** | |
3 | CC | VAS-D | 0.76 | 0.33 | 2.28* | |
Self-efficacy | –0.43 | 0.33 | 1.31 |
Step | IV | DV | B | SE | I | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | ||||||
1 | CI | Self-efficacy | 0.30 | 0.06 | 4.64*** | |
2 | CI | DHI | 2.08 | 1.96 | 1.06 | |
3 | CI | DHI | 4.03 | 2.10 | 1.92 | |
Self-efficacy | –6.58 | 2.84 | –2.32* | |||
CP | ||||||
1 | CP | Self-efficacy | –0.09 | 0.08 | –1.10 | |
2 | CP | DHI | 4.31 | 2.35 | 1.83 | |
3 | CP | DHI | 3.94 | 2.35 | 1.68 | |
Self-efficacy | –3.94 | 2.62 | –1.50 | |||
CC | ||||||
1 | CC | Self-efficacy | –0.28 | 0.09 | –2.99** | |
2 | CC | DHI | 12.50 | 2.43 | 5.15*** | |
3 | CC | DHI | 12.19 | 2.53 | 4.81*** | |
Self-efficacy | –1.13 | 2.50 | –0.45 |
Characteristic | Data |
---|---|
No. of patients | 117 |
Sex | |
Male | 34 (29.1) |
Female | 83 (70.9) |
Age (yr) | 50.3±13.2 |
20–29 | 11 (9.4) |
30–39 | 15 (12.8) |
40–49 | 19 (16.2) |
50–59 | 37 (31.6) |
>60 | 35 (29.9) |
Disease duration (day) | 585.8±1,402.5 (median, 90) |
≤1 month | 39 (33.3) |
1–3 months | 23 (19.7) |
>3 months | 55 (47.0) |
Main diagnosis | |
Vestibular migraine | 46 (39.3) |
Vestibulopathy | 18 (15.4) |
Chronic anxiety and depression | 17 (14.5) |
Others | 35 (29.9) |
Locus of control | |
Internal | 2.7±0.9 |
Professional | 3.6±0.7 |
Chance | 3.2±0.7 |
Self-efficacy | 2.7 (0.6) |
DHI | 36.9±20.7 |
≤30 | 51 (43.6) |
>30 | 66 (56.4) |
VAS-D | 4.8±2.3 |
≤4 | 56 (47.9) |
≥5 | 61 (52.1) |
BDI-IIa) | 17.7±9.6 |
≤13 | 40 (34.2) |
14–19 | 24 (20.5) |
20–28 | 28 (23.9) |
≥29 | 14 (12.0) |
BAIb) | 18.0±12.1 |
≤7 | 25 (21.4) |
8–15 | 32 (27.4) |
16–25 | 33 (28.2) |
≥26 | 25 (21.4) |
Variable | Age | Duration | CI | CP | CC | SE | DHI | VAS-D | BDI | BAI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | - | |||||||||
Duration | .02 | - | ||||||||
CI | –.05 | .24 |
- | |||||||
CP | .14 | –.06 | .23 |
- | ||||||
CC | –.29 |
.08 | .32 |
.32 |
- | |||||
SE | .09 | .03 | .33 |
–.11 | –.32 |
- | ||||
DHI | –.06 | .03 | .24 |
.17 | .59 |
–.23 |
- | |||
VAS-D | –.06 | .03 | .13 | .01 | .39 |
–.23 |
.48 |
- | ||
BDI | –.06 | –.02 | .30 |
.15 | .38 |
–.15 | .40 |
.15 | - | |
BAI | –.10 | .18 | .34 |
.04 | .51 |
–.15 | .52 |
.37 |
.51 |
- |
Variable | Dizziness | β | p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age | VAS-D | –0.03 | >0.05 |
DHI | –0.02 | >0.05 | |
BDI-II | VAS-D | –0.02 | >0.05 |
DHI | 0.19 | >0.05 | |
BAI | VAS-D | 0.33 | 0.003 |
DHI | 0.42 | <0.001 |
Step | IV | DV | B | SE | t | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | ||||||
1 | CI | Self-efficacy | 0.30 | 0.06 | 4.64 |
|
2 | CI | VAS-D | 0.05 | 0.24 | 0.23 | |
3 | CI | VAS-D | 0.29 | 0.26 | 1.11 | |
Self-efficacy | –0.79 | 0.35 | –2.25 |
|||
CP | ||||||
1 | CP | Self-efficacy | –0.09 | 0.08 | –1.10 | |
2 | CP | VAS-D | –0.01 | 0.30 | –0.04 | |
3 | CP | VAS-D | –0.07 | 0.29 | –0.24 | |
Self-efficacy | –0.64 | 0.33 | –1.97 | |||
CC | ||||||
1 | CC | Self-efficacy | –0.28 | 0.09 | –2.99 |
|
2 | CC | VAS-D | 0.88 | 0.32 | 2.73 |
|
3 | CC | VAS-D | 0.76 | 0.33 | 2.28 |
|
Self-efficacy | –0.43 | 0.33 | 1.31 |
Step | IV | DV | B | SE | I | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | ||||||
1 | CI | Self-efficacy | 0.30 | 0.06 | 4.64 |
|
2 | CI | DHI | 2.08 | 1.96 | 1.06 | |
3 | CI | DHI | 4.03 | 2.10 | 1.92 | |
Self-efficacy | –6.58 | 2.84 | –2.32 |
|||
CP | ||||||
1 | CP | Self-efficacy | –0.09 | 0.08 | –1.10 | |
2 | CP | DHI | 4.31 | 2.35 | 1.83 | |
3 | CP | DHI | 3.94 | 2.35 | 1.68 | |
Self-efficacy | –3.94 | 2.62 | –1.50 | |||
CC | ||||||
1 | CC | Self-efficacy | –0.28 | 0.09 | –2.99 |
|
2 | CC | DHI | 12.50 | 2.43 | 5.15 |
|
3 | CC | DHI | 12.19 | 2.53 | 4.81 |
|
Self-efficacy | –1.13 | 2.50 | –0.45 |
Values are presented as number only, number (%), or mean±standard deviation. BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II; DHI, Dizziness Handicap Inventory; VAS-D, visual analogue scale-dizziness. Missing value: a)11, b)2.
CI, internal locus of control; CP, powerful others locus of control; CC, chance locus of control; SE, self efficacy; DHI, Dizziness Handicap Inventory; VAS-D, visual analogue scale-dizziness; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory; BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory.
BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-II.
IV, independent variable; DV, dependent variable; SE, self efficacy; CI, internal locus of control; VAS-D, visual analogue scale-dizziness; CP, professional locus of control; CC, chance locus of control.
IV, independent variable; DV, dependent variable; SE, self efficacy; CI, internal locus of control; DHI, Dizziness Handicap Inventory; CP, professional locus of control; CC, chance locus of control.