Research in Vestibular Science

Original Article

Usefulness Assessment of Cochlear Hydrops Analysis Masking Procedure Test in Progress of Ménièreʼs Disease: Young-Joo Ko, Hyun Ji Kim, Dae-Young Kim, Tae-Suk Kyung, Kyu-Sung Kim; Res Vestib Sci. 2017;16(1):17-22. Published online March 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.1.17

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Abstract PDF: Objective: There were few recent study concern about usefulness of cochlear hydrops analysis masking procedure (CHAMP) in progression of Ménièreʼs disease. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in the CHAMP as advancement of Ménièreʼs disease.
Methods
We studied 19 cases of ‘Definite’ group of Ménièreʼs disease. We assumed progression of Ménièreʼs disease would be checked by pure tone threshold by four tone average (4PTA), low tone average (LPTA). We also compared electrocochleography (ECoG), dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) as parameters for progression of Ménièreʼs disease to CHAMP latency delay and amplitude ratio. Chi-square test was used as a statistical method.
Results
In the group of patients had abnormal amplitude ratio, ECoG value were not improved, but there was not statistically significant (odds ratio [OR]=5.727, p＞0.05). Better DHI and THI score were not necessarily construed as the improvement value in the CHAMP (p＞0.05). In amplitude ratio abnormal group, 4PTA was aggravated, but not statistically significant (OR=1.5, p＞0.05). In the group of patient had abnormality in both latency delay and amplitude ratio, LPTA was relatively aggravated (OR in latency delay: 2, OR in amplitude ratio: 10); however, reveals no statistically significance between them (p＞0.05). Change of ECoG, hearing threshold including 4PTA and LPTA with progression of Ménièreʼs disease were not correlated significantly with latency delay or amplitude ratio of CHAMP.
Conclusion
We conclude that CHAMP does not reflect clinical features with progression of Ménièreʼs disease.

Review

Ménièreʼs Disease and Electrophysiology: Sung Huhn Kim; Res Vestib Sci. 2017;16(1):1-9. Published online March 15, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2017.16.1.1

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Abstract PDF: Inner ear is composed of cochlea, vestibule, and endolymphatic sac which are enclosed by thin layer of epithelial cells. The enclosed space is filled with fluid named as endolymph where the [K^＋] is high and [Na^＋] is low. This unique ion composition is very important in maintaining normal hearing and balance function by providing K^＋ ions into sensory hair cells, which finally depolarize hair cells to facilitate the transport of sound and acceleration stimulation to central nervous system. The ion composition of inner ear is maintained by various ion transport through ion channels, transporters, and exchangers in the inner ear sensory and extra-sensory epithelium. The disruption of normal endolymphatic ion composition by the deterioration of the function of those ion channels can cause dysfunction of sensory epithelium, which consequently results in hearing and balance disorders. One of the possible pathology from the disruption of inner ear ion homeostasis is endolymphatic hydrops which is a phenomenon of excessive fluid accumulation of inner ear. The dysfunction of ion channels in inner ear epithelium can be an etiology of Ménièreʼs disease since endolymphatic hydrops is a main pathological finding of the disease. In this review, we discussed about the possible pathological mechanism of Ménièreʼs disease as a perspective of channelopathy as well as the role of various ion channels in the regulation of inner ear fluid volume based on the findings revealed by electrophysiological studies.

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