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Volume 17 (4); December 2018
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Reviews
Posttraumatic Peripheral Vertigo
Soyeon Yoon, Mi Joo Kim, Minbum Kim
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):125-129.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.125
  • 6,396 View
  • 116 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Posttraumatic vertigo can be defined as the vertiginous disorder occurred after head and neck trauma without other pre-existing vestibular disorder. Central, peripheral, and combined deficits might cause this condition. Especially, various peripheral vestibulopathies are possible causes of posttraumatic vertigo; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, temporal bone fracture, perilymphatic fistula, labyrinthine concussion, posttraumatic hydrops, and cervical vertigo. Since the differential diagnosis of the posttraumatic vertigo is often difficult, it is essential to acquire knowledge of their pathophysiology and clinical features. In this review, peripheral vestibulopathy as the possible causes of posttraumatic vertigo were described according to the current literature.
Vestibular Histopathology in Temporal Bone
Sung Il Nam
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):130-133.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.130
  • 4,596 View
  • 67 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
There are a number of reports on the pathologies of vestibular disorders. However, these studies included only a few examples, which were not quantitative but merely anecdotal or descriptive. However, a single tissue section may be relevant to a specific disease in multiple ways. The histopathological characteristics of common peripheral vestibulopathies, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Ménière’s syndrome, labyrinthitis, vestibular neuritis, and ototoxicity, have been described. A recent study validated a new quantitative method for determining vestibular otopathology. Detailed quantitative analyses of vestibular pathology are required to obtain a deeper understanding of the vestibular system. Such studies will likely reveal the pathophysiological causes of specific diseases by elucidating the correlations between structural and functional features. Therefore, histopathological studies of vestibular disorders should be performed.
Original Articles
Identification of Vestibular Organ Originated Information on Spatial Memory in Mice
Gyu Cheol Han, Minbum Kim, Mi Joo Kim
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):134-141.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.134
  • 6,659 View
  • 90 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
We aimed to study the role of vestibular input on spatial memory performance in mice that had undergone bilateral surgical labyrinthectomy, semicircular canal (SCC) occlusion and 4G hypergravity exposure.
Methods
Twelve to 16 weeks old ICR mice (n=30) were used for the experiment. The experimental group divided into 3 groups. One group had undergone bilateral chemical labyrinthectomy, and the other group had performed SCC occlusion surgery, and the last group was exposed to 4G hypergravity for 2 weeks. The movement of mice was recorded using camera in Y maze which had 3 radial arms (35 cm long, 7 cm high, 10 cm wide). We counted the number of visiting arms and analyzed the information of arm selection using program we developed before and after procedure.
Results
The bilateral labyrinthectomy group which semicircular canal and otolithic function was impaired showed low behavioral performance and spacial memory. The semicircular canal occlusion with CO2 laser group which only semicircular canal function was impaired showed no difference in performance activity and spatial memory. However the hypergravity exposure group in which only otolithic function impaired showed spatial memory function was affected but the behavioral performance was spared. The impairment of spatial memory recovered after a few days after exposure in hypergravity group.
Conclusions
This spatial memory function was affected by bilateral vestibular loss. Space-related information processing seems to be determined by otolithic organ information rather than semicircular canals. Due to otolithic function impairment, spatial learning was impaired after exposure to gravity changes in animals and this impaired performance was compensated after normal gravity exposure.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Improves Spatial Cognition After Unilateral Labyrinthectomy in Mice
    Thanh Tin Nguyen, Gi-Sung Nam, Jin-Ju Kang, Gyu Cheol Han, Ji-Soo Kim, Marianne Dieterich, Sun-Young Oh
    Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Differential Effects of Acute Right- vs. Left-Sided Vestibular Deafferentation on Spatial Cognition in Unilateral Labyrinthectomized Mice
    Thanh Tin Nguyen, Gi-Sung Nam, Jin-Ju Kang, Gyu Cheol Han, Ji-Soo Kim, Marianne Dieterich, Sun-Young Oh
    Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
Application of Tetrode Technology for Analysis of Changes in Neural Excitability of Medial Vestibular Nucleus by Acute Arterial Hypotension
Young Kim, Ho Koo, Byung Rim Park, Se Jin Moon, Seung-Bum Yang, Min Sun Kim
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):142-151.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.142
  • 6,027 View
  • 53 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Excitability o medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) in the brainstem can be affected by changes in the arterial blood pressure. Several animal studies have demonstrated that acute hypotension results in the alteration of multiunit activities and expression of cFos protein in the MVN. In the field of extracellular electrophysiological recording, tetrode technology and spike sorting algorithms can easily identify single unit activity from multiunit activities in the brain. However, detailed properties of electrophysiological changes in single unit of the MVN during acute hypotension have been unknown.
Methods
Therefore, we applied tetrode techniques and electrophysiological characterization methods to know the effect of acute hypotension on single unit activities of the MVN of rats.
Results
Twoor3typesofunitcouldbeclassifiedaccordingtothemorphologyofspikes and firing properties of neurons. Acute hypotension elicited 4 types of changes in spontaneous firing of single unit in the MVN. Most of these neurons showed excitatory responses for about within 1 minute after the induction of acute hypotension and then returned to the baseline activity 10 minutes after the injection of sodium nitroprusside. There was also gradual increase in spontaneous firing in some units. In contrast small proportion of units showed rapid reduction of firing rate just after acute hypotension. Conclusions: Therefore, application of tetrode technology and spike sorting algorithms is another method for the monitoring of electrical activity of vestibular nuclear during acute hypotension.
Rasch Analysis of the Clinimetric Properties of the Korean Dizziness Handicap Inventory in Patients with Parkinson Disease
Da-Young Lee, Hui-Jun Yang, Dong-Seok Yang, Jin-Hyuk Choi, Byoung-Soo Park, Ji-Yun Park
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):152-159.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.152
  • 9,256 View
  • 195 Download
  • 2 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The Korean Dizziness Handicap Inventory (KDHI), which includes 25 patient-reported items, has been used to assess self-reported dizziness in Korean patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Nevertheless, few studies have examined the KDHI based on item-response theory within this population. The aim of our study was to address the feasibility and clinimetric properties of the KDHI instrument using polytomous Rasch measurement analysis.
Methods
The unidimensionality, scale targeting, separation reliability, item difficulty (severity), and response category utility of the KDHI were statistically assessed based on the Andrich rating scale model. The utilities of the orderedresponse categories of the 3-point Likert scale were analyzed with reference to the probability curves of the response categories. The separation reliability of the KDHI was assessed based on person separation reliability (PSR), which is used to measure the capacity to discriminate among groups of patients with different levels of balance deficits.
Results
Principal component analyses of residuals revealed that the KDHI had unidimensionality. The KHDI had satisfactory PSR and there were no disordered thresholds in the 3-point rating scale. However, the KDHI showed several issues for inappropriate scale targeting and misfit items (items 1 and 2) for Rasch model. Conclusions: The KDHI provide unidimensional measures of imbalance symptoms in patients with PD with adequate separation reliability. There was no statistical evidence of disorder in polytomous rating scales. The Rasch analysis results suggest that the KDHI is a reliable scale for measuring the imbalance symptoms in PD patients, and identified parts for possible amendments in order to further improve the linear metric scale.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Validation and Reliability of the Cataract-related Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ)
    Eun Jin Koh, Jong Min Lee, Dong Hui Lim, Danbee Kang, Juhee Cho, Min Kyung Song, In Kwon Chung, Hun Jin Choi, Ji Woong Chang, Jong Hyun Lee, Tae Young Chung, Young Sub Eom, Yeoun Sook Chun, So Hyang Chung, Eun Chul Kim, Joon Young Hyon, Do Hyung Lee
    Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society.2023; 64(11): 1030.     CrossRef
  • Dizziness in patients with early stages of Parkinson's disease: Prevalence, clinical characteristics and implications
    Kyum‐Yil Kwon, Suyeon Park, Mina Lee, Hyunjin Ju, Kayeong Im, Byung‐Euk Joo, Kyung Bok Lee, Hakjae Roh, Moo‐Young Ahn
    Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2020; 20(5): 443.     CrossRef
Laboratory Management Status of Vestibular Function Test in Korea
Tae Su Kim, Mi Joo Kim, Byung-Kun Kim, Hyun Ah Kim, Dae Woong Bae, Miran Bae, Seong-Cheon Bae, Eeksung Lee, Eun-Ju Jeon
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):160-166.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.160
  • 7,072 View
  • 161 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary Material
Objectives
This study was conducted to assess the current management status of the vestibular function test laboratories in Korea.
Methods
Questionnaire about the management status of the vestibular function test laboratories was sent by email to the entire members of the Korean Balance Society. The contents of questionnaire included situation of employees who perform the tests, the types of vestibular function tests and equipment, frequency of the test and types of dizziness related questionnaires.
Results
Forty-nine hospitals and clinics responded. All the 49 respondents answered that they have videonystagmography. Spontaneous nystagmus analysis by videonystagmogrphy was the most frequently tests for patients with dizziness. Questionnaires for dizziness were used by 27 respondents (55.1%) for initial evaluation of the dizziness patients. The Korean version of dizziness handicap inventory was the most frequently used dizziness related questionnaire. Conclusions: We analyzed the current management status of vestibular function test laboratories to comprehend the present condition of the vestibular function test. We think that these results will help to provide a standard for laboratory operations and prepare for the education, focusing on high-demand tests.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • The impact examination of the head tilt size on the subjective visual vertical (SVV) among the normal individuals with ages ranged from 18 to 35 years
    Mahmoud Rezvani Amin, Hadi Behzad
    Hearing, Balance and Communication.2022; 20(2): 129.     CrossRef
Case Reports
Rotatory Vertebral Artery Syndrome in Foramen Magnum Stenosis
Ileok Jung, Jin-Man Jung, Moon Ho Park
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):167-169.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.167
  • 5,953 View
  • 120 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Rotatory vertebral artery syndrome (RVAS) is characterized by recurrent attacks of vertigo, nystagmus, and syncope induced by compression of the vertebral artery during head rotation. A 60-year-old man with atlas vertebrae fracture presented recurrent attacks of positional vertigo. Left-beat, upbeat and count clock-wise torsional nystagmus occurred after lying down and bilateral head roll (HR) showing no latency or fatigue. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed foramen magnum stenosis (FMS) and dominancy of right vertebral artery (VA). The flow of the right VA on transcranial Doppler decreased significantly during left HR. The slower the velocity was, the more the nystagmus was aggravated. RVAS can be evoked by FMS causing compression of the VA. And the nystagmus might be aggravated according to the blood flow insufficiency.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A Case of Rotational Vertebral Artery Syndrome after Vertebral Artery Dissection
    Song Jae Lee, Ha Young Byun, Seung Hwan Lee, Jae Ho Chung
    Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Nec.2020; 63(5): 228.     CrossRef
A Case of Sensorineural Hearing Loss and Vertigo during Epidural Nerve Block
Byeong Min Lee, Jin hong Noh, Seong Ki Ahn, Hyun Woo Park
Res Vestib Sci. 2018;17(4):170-174.   Published online December 21, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21790/rvs.2018.17.4.170
  • 5,088 View
  • 78 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
Epidural anesthesia has significantly advanced in neuraxial anesthesia and analgesia. It is used for surgical anaesthesia and treatment of chronic pain. Hearing loss during or after epidural anesthesia is rare, and it is known to occur by the change of the intracranial pressure. Cerebrospinal fluid is connected with perilymph in the cochlear and vestibule that is important to hearing and balance. If the intracranial pressure is abruptly transferred to the inner ear, perilymph can be leak, that called perilymphatic fistula, dizziness, and hearing loss can occur suddenly. We report a 65-year-old woman who presented with acute onset dizziness and hearing loss during the epidural nerve block for back pain, wherein we speculated a possibility of perilymphatic fistula as the mechanism of hearing loss and dizziness. The mechanism of dizziness and hearing loss was suspected with perilymphatic fistula.

Res Vestib Sci : Research in Vestibular Science
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